International Logistics: The physical flow process of goods from the place of supply in one country (region) to the place of receipt another country (region).
Broadly speaking, the scope of international logistics research includes international trade logistics, non-trade logistics, international logistics investment, international logistics cooperation, logistics exchanges and other fields. Among them, international trade logistics mainly refers to the rational flow of goods organized by the international community; non-trade logistics refers to the logistics of international and exhibits, international postal logistics, etc.; international logistics cooperation refers to the international logistics completed by enterprises of different nationalities to complete major international economic and technological projects; international investment refers to the joint investment and construction of international logistics enterprises by logistics enterprises of different countries; International logistics communication mainly refers to international exchanges in the field of logistics science, technology,, training and management.
In a narrow sense, international logistics (International Logistics, IL) mainly refers to: when production and consumption are carried out independently in two or more (or regions), in order to overcome the space interval and time distance between production and consumption, the logistics of goods (commodities) is carried out for the purpose of the final purpose of international commodity transactions, that is, to realize the trade counter-flow conditions in which the seller delivers documents, goods and receives payment, and the buyer accepts, pays and receives goods.
The essence of international logistics is to realize the flow and exchange of goods internationally according to the principle of international division of labor, in accordance with international, and by using the internationalized logistics network, logistics facilities and logistics technology, so as to promote the development of regional economy and the optimization of the allocation of world resources. The goal of international logistics is to serve international trade and multinational operations, that is, to choose the best way and path, with the lowest cost and the smallest risk, to ensure the and quantity of goods from the supply of one country to the demand of another country in a timely manner.
Compared with domestic logistics, international logistics has four main differences in logistics environment, logistics system, information system and standard requirements. The main service objects international logistics are international trade and multinational management. A very important feature of international logistics is the difference of logistics environment, which mainly refers to the soft environment of logistics. Different countries different laws adapted to logistics, which increases the complexity of international logistics; Different levels of scientific and technological development in different countries make international logistics under different scientific and technological conditions, and even to the decline of the overall operation level of international logistics because some areas can not apply some technologies at all; Different standards in different countries will make it difficult for the international logistics to establish a unified standard; Different national conditions will inevitably make international logistics subject to great limitations.
The difference of logistics environment forces an international logistics system to operate under multiple different, humanities, customs, languages and scientific and technological environments, which will undoubtedly greatly increase the difficulty and complexity of international logistics.
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